Water heaters are essential appliances in most homes, providing a convenient and reliable source of hot water for various needs. There are two main types of water heaters:
- Tank-type water heaters: These are the most common type. They store hot water in a tank, typically ranging from 20 to 80 gallons in capacity.
- Tankless water heaters: These heat water on demand, without the use of a storage tank. They are more energy-efficient than tank-type heaters but tend to have a higher upfront cost.
How Tank-Type Water Heaters Work
- Cold water intake: Cold water enters the tank through a dip tube that extends to the bottom of the tank.
- Heating: A heating element (electric) or burner (gas) heats the water in the tank.
- Hot water storage: The heated water rises to the top of the tank, ready for use.
- Hot water outlet: When you turn on a hot water tap, hot water is drawn from the top of the tank and sent through your home’s plumbing system.
- Thermostat: The thermostat regulates the temperature of the water in the tank. When the temperature drops below the set point, the heating element or burner turns on to heat the water again.
How Tankless Water Heaters Work
- Cold water intake: Cold water enters the unit when you turn on a hot water tap.
- Heating: A high-powered burner or heating element heats the water as it flows through the unit.
- Hot water outlet: The heated water is delivered to your home’s plumbing system on demand.
Key Components of a Hot Water Heater
- Tank: Stores hot water in tank-type heaters.
- Dip tube: Brings cold water to the bottom of the tank.
- Heating element or burner: Heats the water.
- Thermostat: Regulates the water temperature.
- Pressure relief valve: Prevents excessive pressure buildup in the tank.
- Drain valve: Allows you to drain the tank for maintenance.
Important Considerations
- Capacity: Choose a water heater with a capacity that meets your household’s hot water needs.
- Energy efficiency: Look for a water heater with a high energy factor (EF) rating.
- Lifespan: Hot water heaters typically last 10-15 years.
- Maintenance: Regular maintenance can help extend the life of your water heater.